Steel is an incredibly useful material that is used in a myriad of applications. In fact, it is believed that more than 55 percent of a car is composed of steel. The type of alloys that are used to create it determines its flexibility, as they affect the strength, durability and performance. For example, the way that manufacturers cool the metal can have a significant impact on its microstructure, and consequently its overall properties. It can be altered in order to achieve specific properties such as machinability, yielding strength, and resistance to corrosion.
In its most basic form steel is iron that has been alloyed with other elements to improve its physical properties and make it suitable for specific uses. The proportions of the additional alloying elements determines which category of steel it belongs to and the overall performance in various applications.
For instance, stainless is made up of at least 11% of chromium. This makes it resistant against corrosion. This characteristic is what makes it suitable for a range of kitchen appliances and cutlery. Tool steel, for instance is characterized by an extremely high resistance to abrasion and hardness that makes it a favorite for hand tools and machine dies. Carbon steels also lend themselves to a variety of applications due to their excellent ductility. Electrical steel is a special steel grade that is composed of silicon (typically 3%) This improves its magnetic properties and decreases eddy current losses making it ideal for transformer cores and electric motor laminations.
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